This conference will serve as the official presentation of the recent report on the topic, which was produced by ALLEA in partnership with the Federation of European Academies of Medicine (FEAM) and the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW). Its aim is to shed light on new analytic methods that can help us better grasp the causal role of certain social determinants, such as education, occupational class, and income level, in generating and reproducing health inequalities.